The file contains direct and indirect speech rules for question sentences reported speech for tenses, imperative, optative and exclamatory sentences. Time expressions with reported speech sometimes when we change direct speech into reported speech we have to change time expressions too. Direct and indirect present simple tense practice exercise with answers. This study aims to explore the effects of indirect explicit grammar. Pronouns of the second person in direct speech are changed in indirect speech to the same person as the noun or pronoun which comes after the introductory verb. Indirect speech reporting verbs sentence completion games. If you want to download direct and indirect speech rules in pdf, you are at right place.
Narrative style and the grammar of direct and indirect speech. Microsoft word reported questions yes no present simple. Page 1 direct and indirect speech rules pdf table of contents identify reported speech and reported speech direct and indirect speech punctuation rules use of conjunction that rules for changing pronouns in indirect speech indirect speech rules for all tenses rules for change in time and adverb in indirect speech. Watch the video on our website and read the conversation between sophie and david. English grammar reported speech 1 reported speech direct and indirect or reported speech. Tense direct speech reported speech present simple i like ice cream she said that she liked ice cream. Reported speech english grammar today cambridge dictionary. Reported speech english grammar today a reference to written and spoken english grammar and usage cambridge dictionary. Reporting 49 past versus present 50 past versus present perfect 51 past versus past perfect 54 reported speech 56 extended writing task task 5. She said that she had been sleeping when julie called. This page will help you to understand basics of direct indirect speech with easy understanding. Imperatives check point tick the doctors exact words.
This handy chart and tips will help students remember common verb tense and modal changes in reported speech. Notes when the reporting verb is in a present or future tense, we do not change the tense of the. Direct and indirect speech with rules and examples download all the grammar lessons in one click. Changing direct speech to reported indirect speech can be difficult because of the verb tense changes required. Reported speech test exercises multiple choice questions. Indirect speech reports what a speaker said without. James told his mother that he was leaving for new york the next day.
Pdf students ability at changing direct into indirect speech and. The reporting verbs for the orders commands requests are. Two approaches to grammar instruction are often discussed in the esl literature. There are three primary changes that may need to be made. Out of the four alternatives, select the one which best expresses the same sentence in indirect speech. Direct and indirect speech is directly not asked in class 9 and 10 in cbse board but reported speech is not out of syllabus.
Reported orders, commands and requests are formed using the toinfinitive and not toinfinitive. We use reporting verbs like say, tell, ask, and we may use the word that to introduce the reported words. The sentence given above is converted into indirect narration. Indirect speech is writing that provides a summary of what somebody was supposed to have said, and when they said it. In english, to report someones words or their own words, you. Direct speech is writing that quotes what somebody has said in full, and is meant to be an accurate record of what was said, and by whom it was said indirect speech definition. When the main idea of a speakers words is reported by another person and the exact words are not quoted, it is called indirect speech or reported speech. Reported speech reported questions english grammar pdf worksheet author. Direct and indirect speech english grammar pdf download.
Reported speech exercises, pdf with answers and rules. Reported speech present perfect continuous tense exercise direct and indirect speech exercise present perfect continuous tense solved with answers pdf. Also one cannot ignore the importance of direct and indirect speech in spoken or writing english language. Reporting verbs grammar presentation find at least one phrase below that can be followed by each of these.
Direct and indirect speech exercise english grammar. Direct and indirect speech in english grammar with. Indirect speech is a report on what someone else said or wrote without using that persons exact words which is called direct speech. It is the method in which the substance or idea of the speakers words is reported without using his actual works. Draw a line to match the direct and indirect reported speech forms. The boy told the girl that he had told her that they were not going on a holiday. Grammar for academic writing university of edinburgh.
In direct speech we repeat the original speakers exact words. But indirect speech is usually introduced by a verb in the past tense. I said to him, are you going to file a complaint i said to him that if he was going to file a complaint. Richard nordquist is professor emeritus of rhetoric and english at georgia southern university and the author of several universitylevel grammar and composition textbooks. Rahul asked me if i had seen the cricket match on tv the previous night. Indirect questions exercise 1 11 are the children on holiday this week. When the actual words of the speaker are reproduced, it is called direct speech. I asked him whether he was going to file a complaint. Direct and indirect speeches are not the favorite topic for many of us. Direct versus indirect explicit methods of enhancing efl. A grammar notebook file on direct and indirect speech with supporting worksheet in both pdf to be printed and word formats to be altered to suit your lesson and printed. However, we use indirect questions in a different way from reported questions. Verbs in the direct speech have then to be changed into a corresponding past tense.
Quoted and reported speech san jose state university. Direct and indirect speech english grammar in gujarati pdf book is one of the important topic asked in competitive exams. Reported speech sentence completion things in common share information and ask each other questions to fill the gaps below with things that are true for more than one person in your pair group. Reported speech worksheets, pdf exercises, handouts to print. Indirect questions exercise 1 perfect english grammar. English grammar pdf worksheet on reported questions. Reported speech also called indirect speech means to say what someone else said.
Reported statements mixed exercise perfect english grammar. It is because direct and indirect speech rules are not easy to learn. These are called object, and whether it may be direct or indirect depends on the role that they play in a sentence. Quoted and reported speech, also referred to as direct and indirect speech, are. It is the method in which the substance or idea of the speaker s words is reported without using his actual works. He says, i work for my company he said that he worked for my company. Visit our easy english grammar section for more free resources. Reported or indirect speech is usually used to talk about the past, so we normally change the tense of the words spoken. Pdf english grammar reported speech reported speech.
Direct speech indirect speech simple present i never eat meat, he explained. Reported speech test exercises multiple choice questions with answers advanced level 33 18 free online english grammar quizzes tests exercises about reported speech test exercises multiple choice questions with answers advanced level 33. Then do these exercises to check your understanding of reported speech. Change these direct questions into reported speech. Indirect speech tends to be more complicated than direct speech because it requires certain changes in both english and french. In addition to that, you may also find how easy is to understand pronoun change in reported speech with examples and exercise. They are very, very common in english, especially when youre talking to someone you dont know. As it is a summary it does not have to be a word for word account of. It depends on when we heard the direct speech and when we say the reported speech. Present simple change the direct questions into reported questions. In the english language, there are two ways of conveying what someone else has said.
Direct and indirect speech in englishspeaking childrens retold. She said, i play cricket at home she said that she played cricket at home. Reported statements mixed exercise change this direct speech into reported speech. Introduction there are two ways of relating what a person has said. Learn definition, useful grammar rules and examples of direct vs.